Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name:Kuzyk Mikhail Author-Name-First: Mikhail Author-Name-Last:Kuzyk Author-Workplace-Name: Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy Author-Name:Zudin N. Author-Name-First: N. Author-Name-Last:Zudin Author-Workplace-Name: Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy Author-Name:Simachev Yuri Author-Name-First: Yuri Author-Name-Last:Simachev Author-Workplace-Name: Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy Title: Government promotion of scientific research and innovative activity at higher educational institutions: the main instruments of support, its scale and beneficiaries Abstract: One typical feature of Russia’s science sector, inherited from the Soviet period, is the predominant role in its research and development (R&D) activities of the ‘traditional’ scientific research organizations, represented by the research institutes operating under the system of government-funded academies of sciences (academic science), as well as by the research institutes and R&D bureaus subordinated to branch ministries and government departments (sectoral science); meanwhile, the role of higher educational institutions (HEE) in those activities was rather modest. At the same time, since the early 2000s, the volume of R&D projects launched in Russia by higher educational institutions and the number of researchers participating in them, has been increasing at a stable rate both in absolute and relative terms. As a result, over the last one-and-a-half decades, the number of researchers involved in the higher education sector increased more than 1.5 times, the sector’s relative share in the total number of researchers and total internal R&D costs[1] nearly doubled, and the corresponding costs incurred by higher educational institutions in constant prices increased more than 4-fold. Classification-JEL: O31, O32, O3, I28, I2 Keywords: Russian economy, R&D, science, technology Creation-Date: 2018 Revision-Date:2018 Length: 34 pages File-URL: https://www.iep.ru/files/RePEc/gai/ppaper/ppaper-2018-318.pdf File-Format: application/pdf File-Function: Revised version, 2018 Handle: RePEc:gai:ppaper:ppaper-2018-318