Template-Type: ReDIF-Paper 1.0 Author-Name: Baeva Marina Author-Name-First: Marina Author-Name-Last: Baeva Author-Workplace-Name: Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy Author-Name: Knobel Alexander Author-Name-First: Alexander Author-Name-Last: Knobel Author-Workplace-Name: Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy Title: Russia’s participation in the WTO’s trade disputes in 2021 Abstract: The WTO system, in particular the mechanism for resolving trade disputes, has been in crisis for five years now. The main reasons are as follows: growth of protectionism, trade wars, the COVID-19 pandemic, systemic challenges, primarily freezing of the Appellate Body (AB). According to the U.S., AB goes beyond its authority, sometimes making decisions outside of WTO law, posing rights or obligations for member countries that are not provided for by existing WTO agreements, violates the deadlines for appellate review. The U.S. blocked decisions to appoint new AB members. Many WTO member countries agree on the need for reforms. Classification-JEL: F10, F13, F19 Keywords: Russian economy, foreign trade, WTO, trade disputes Creation-Date: 2022 Revision-Date: 2022 Length: 27 pages File-URL: https://www.iep.ru/files/RePEc/gai/ppaper/ppaper-2022-1200.pdf File-Format: application/pdf File-Function: Revised Version, 2022 Handle: RePEc:gai:ppaper:ppaper-2022-1200